Peer-Assisted Learning Strategies (PALS)

Program description

Peer-Assisted Learning Strategies (PALS) is a supplemental 1-1 peer tutoring program where elementary students work in pairs, taking turns as teacher and learner. The lessons involve reading aloud, listening to their partner read aloud, and providing structured feedback based on teacher training in five minute increments. The feedback involves identifying errors, initiating correction procedures, and awarding points for correctly read sentences. Additionally, activities include describing the main idea and predicting what comes next in the passage. Through these lessons PALS focuses on building phonemic awareness, phonics, sound blending, passage reading, and story retelling literacy skills. 

Student population

Peer-Assisted Learning Strategies (PALS) has been examined in Kindergarten and 1st grade among Black and White students in urban settings. Participants included typical readers, struggling readers, and English Language Learners across socio-economic strata. PALS has also been examined among 2nd-6th grade readers of varying ability levels in both urban and suburban settings. 

Current evidence

Peer-Assisted Learning Strategies (PALS) has been rated as Strong by Evidence for ESSA (https://www.evidenceforessa.org/programs/reading/peer-assisted-learning-strategies-pals-reading-elementary-whole-class) for emergent readers in grades K-1st grades and Moderate for struggling readers in 1st grade (https://www.evidenceforessa.org/programs/reading/peer-assisted-learning-strategies-pals-reading-elementary-struggling-readers). The What Works Clearinghouse rated PALS as having potentially positive effects for alphabetics, mixed effects for comprehension, and no discernable effects on reading fluency among Kindergarten and 1st grade readers (https://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/Docs/InterventionReports/wwc_pals_050112.pdf). For struggling readers and/or students with disabilities in 2-6th  grades the WWC rated PALS as having potentially positive effects comprehension (https://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/Docs/InterventionReports/wwc_pals_013112.pdf). 

For more information

https://frg.vkcsites.org/what-is-pals/

Mathes, P. & Babyak, A. (2001). The Effects of Peer-Assisted Literacy Strategies for First-Graders With and Without Additional Mini-Skills Lessons. Learning Disabilities Research & Practice, 16 (1), 28-44.

Mathes, P., Torgensen, J., & Allor, J. (2001). The effects of peer-assisted literacy strategies for first-grade readers with and without additional computer-assisted instruction in phonological awareness. American Educational Research Journal, 38 (2), 371-410. 
Fuchs, D., Fuchs, L. S., Mathes, P. G., & Simmons, D. C. (1997). Peer-Assisted Learning Strategies: Making classrooms more responsive to diversity. American Educational Research Journal, 34(1), 174–206.

https://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/Docs/InterventionReports/wwc_pals_013112.pdf

Peer-Assisted Learning Strategies (PALS)

Program description

Peer-Assisted Learning Strategies (PALS) is a supplemental 1-1 peer tutoring program where elementary students work in pairs, taking turns as teacher and learner. The lessons involve reading aloud, listening to their partner read aloud, and providing structured feedback based on teacher training in five minute increments. The feedback involves identifying errors, initiating correction procedures, and awarding points for correctly read sentences. Additionally, activities include describing the main idea and predicting what comes next in the passage. Through these lessons PALS focuses on building phonemic awareness, phonics, sound blending, passage reading, and story retelling literacy skills. 

Student population

Peer-Assisted Learning Strategies (PALS) has been examined in Kindergarten and 1st grade among Black and White students in urban settings. Participants included typical readers, struggling readers, and English Language Learners across socio-economic strata. PALS has also been examined among 2nd-6th grade readers of varying ability levels in both urban and suburban settings. 

Current evidence

Peer-Assisted Learning Strategies (PALS) has been rated as Strong by Evidence for ESSA (https://www.evidenceforessa.org/programs/reading/peer-assisted-learning-strategies-pals-reading-elementary-whole-class) for emergent readers in grades K-1st grades and Moderate for struggling readers in 1st grade (https://www.evidenceforessa.org/programs/reading/peer-assisted-learning-strategies-pals-reading-elementary-struggling-readers). The What Works Clearinghouse rated PALS as having potentially positive effects for alphabetics, mixed effects for comprehension, and no discernable effects on reading fluency among Kindergarten and 1st grade readers (https://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/Docs/InterventionReports/wwc_pals_050112.pdf). For struggling readers and/or students with disabilities in 2-6th  grades the WWC rated PALS as having potentially positive effects comprehension (https://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/Docs/InterventionReports/wwc_pals_013112.pdf). 

For more information

https://frg.vkcsites.org/what-is-pals/

Mathes, P. & Babyak, A. (2001). The Effects of Peer-Assisted Literacy Strategies for First-Graders With and Without Additional Mini-Skills Lessons. Learning Disabilities Research & Practice, 16 (1), 28-44.

Mathes, P., Torgensen, J., & Allor, J. (2001). The effects of peer-assisted literacy strategies for first-grade readers with and without additional computer-assisted instruction in phonological awareness. American Educational Research Journal, 38 (2), 371-410. 
Fuchs, D., Fuchs, L. S., Mathes, P. G., & Simmons, D. C. (1997). Peer-Assisted Learning Strategies: Making classrooms more responsive to diversity. American Educational Research Journal, 34(1), 174–206.

https://www.evidenceforessa.org/programs/reading/peer-assisted-learning-strategies-pals-reading-elementary-whole-class

Sound Partners

Program description

Sound Partners is a tutoring program that provides supplemental reading instruction to elementary school students grades K–3 with below average reading skills. The program focuses on phonics, phonemic awareness, sight words, and oral reading practice using decodable texts with a set of scripted lessons in alphabetic and phonics skills. The lessons are designed for easy implementation by tutors with minimal training and experience. Tutoring lessons are recommended at 30 minutes per day, five days per week. 

Student population

Sound Partners has been examined in Kindergarten and 1st grade students in urban settings. Participants included Asian, Black, White, and Hispanic struggling readers or English language learners from primarily low socio-economic backgrounds.

Current evidence

Sound Partners has been rated as Strong by Evidence for ESSA K-1st grade struggling readers (https://www.evidenceforessa.org/programs/reading/sound-partners-struggling-readers) and English language learners (https://www.evidenceforessa.org/programs/reading/sound-partners-english-learners). The What Works Clearinghouse rated Sound Partners as having positive effects for alphabetics, fluency, and comprehension and no discernable effects for general reading achievement (https://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/Docs/InterventionReports/wwc_soundpartners_092110.pdf).

For more information

https://www.voyagersopris.com/literacy/sound-partners/overview

Vadasy, P. F., & Sanders, E. A. (2011). Efficacy of Supplemental Phonics-Based Instruction for Low-Skilled First Graders: How Language Minority Status and Pretest Characteristics Moderate Treatment Response. Scientific Studies of Reading, 15(6), 471–497. http://doi.org/10.1080/10888438.2010.501091

Vadasy, P. F., & Sanders, E. A. (2010). Efficacy of supplemental phonics-based instruction for low-skilled kindergarteners in the context of language minority status and classroom phonics instruction.

Journal of Educational Psychology, 102(4), 786–803. http://doi.org/10.1037/a0019639

https://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/Docs/InterventionReports/wwc_soundpartners_092110.pdf

Sound Partners

Program description

Sound Partners is a tutoring program that provides supplemental reading instruction to elementary school students grades K–3 with below average reading skills. The program focuses on phonics, phonemic awareness, sight words, and oral reading practice using decodable texts with a set of scripted lessons in alphabetic and phonics skills. The lessons are designed for easy implementation by tutors with minimal training and experience. Tutoring lessons are recommended at 30 minutes per day, five days per week. 

Student population

Sound Partners has been examined in Kindergarten and 1st grade students in urban settings. Participants included Asian, Black, White, and Hispanic struggling readers or English language learners from primarily low socio-economic backgrounds.

Current evidence

Sound Partners has been rated as Strong by Evidence for ESSA K-1st grade struggling readers (https://www.evidenceforessa.org/programs/reading/sound-partners-struggling-readers) and English language learners (https://www.evidenceforessa.org/programs/reading/sound-partners-english-learners). The What Works Clearinghouse rated Sound Partners as having positive effects for alphabetics, fluency, and comprehension and no discernable effects for general reading achievement (https://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/Docs/InterventionReports/wwc_soundpartners_092110.pdf).

For more information

https://www.voyagersopris.com/literacy/sound-partners/overview

Vadasy, P. F., & Sanders, E. A. (2011). Efficacy of Supplemental Phonics-Based Instruction for Low-Skilled First Graders: How Language Minority Status and Pretest Characteristics Moderate Treatment Response. Scientific Studies of Reading, 15(6), 471–497. http://doi.org/10.1080/10888438.2010.501091

Vadasy, P. F., & Sanders, E. A. (2010). Efficacy of supplemental phonics-based instruction for low-skilled kindergarteners in the context of language minority status and classroom phonics instruction.

Journal of Educational Psychology, 102(4), 786–803. http://doi.org/10.1037/a0019639

https://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/Docs/InterventionReports/wwc_soundpartners_092110.pdf

Sound Partners

Program description

Sound Partners is a tutoring program that provides supplemental reading instruction to elementary school students grades K–3 with below average reading skills. The program focuses on phonics, phonemic awareness, sight words, and oral reading practice using decodable texts with a set of scripted lessons in alphabetic and phonics skills. The lessons are designed for easy implementation by tutors with minimal training and experience. Tutoring lessons are recommended at 30 minutes per day, five days per week. 

Student population

Sound Partners has been examined in Kindergarten and 1st grade students in urban settings. Participants included Asian, Black, White, and Hispanic struggling readers or English language learners from primarily low socio-economic backgrounds.

Current evidence

Sound Partners has been rated as Strong by Evidence for ESSA K-1st grade struggling readers (https://www.evidenceforessa.org/programs/reading/sound-partners-struggling-readers) and English language learners (https://www.evidenceforessa.org/programs/reading/sound-partners-english-learners). The What Works Clearinghouse rated Sound Partners as having positive effects for alphabetics, fluency, and comprehension and no discernable effects for general reading achievement (https://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/Docs/InterventionReports/wwc_soundpartners_092110.pdf).

For more information

https://www.voyagersopris.com/literacy/sound-partners/overview

Vadasy, P. F., & Sanders, E. A. (2011). Efficacy of Supplemental Phonics-Based Instruction for Low-Skilled First Graders: How Language Minority Status and Pretest Characteristics Moderate Treatment Response. Scientific Studies of Reading, 15(6), 471–497. http://doi.org/10.1080/10888438.2010.501091

Vadasy, P. F., & Sanders, E. A. (2010). Efficacy of supplemental phonics-based instruction for low-skilled kindergarteners in the context of language minority status and classroom phonics instruction.

Journal of Educational Psychology, 102(4), 786–803. http://doi.org/10.1037/a0019639

https://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/Docs/InterventionReports/wwc_soundpartners_092110.pdf

Sound Partners

Program description

Sound Partners is a tutoring program that provides supplemental reading instruction to elementary school students grades K–3 with below average reading skills. The program focuses on phonics, phonemic awareness, sight words, and oral reading practice using decodable texts with a set of scripted lessons in alphabetic and phonics skills. The lessons are designed for easy implementation by tutors with minimal training and experience. Tutoring lessons are recommended at 30 minutes per day, five days per week. 

Student population

Sound Partners has been examined in Kindergarten and 1st grade students in urban settings. Participants included Asian, Black, White, and Hispanic struggling readers or English language learners from primarily low socio-economic backgrounds.

Current evidence

Sound Partners has been rated as Strong by Evidence for ESSA K-1st grade struggling readers (https://www.evidenceforessa.org/programs/reading/sound-partners-struggling-readers) and English language learners (https://www.evidenceforessa.org/programs/reading/sound-partners-english-learners). The What Works Clearinghouse rated Sound Partners as having positive effects for alphabetics, fluency, and comprehension and no discernable effects for general reading achievement (https://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/Docs/InterventionReports/wwc_soundpartners_092110.pdf).

For more information

https://www.voyagersopris.com/literacy/sound-partners/overview

Vadasy, P. F., & Sanders, E. A. (2011). Efficacy of Supplemental Phonics-Based Instruction for Low-Skilled First Graders: How Language Minority Status and Pretest Characteristics Moderate Treatment Response. Scientific Studies of Reading, 15(6), 471–497. http://doi.org/10.1080/10888438.2010.501091

Vadasy, P. F., & Sanders, E. A. (2010). Efficacy of supplemental phonics-based instruction for low-skilled kindergarteners in the context of language minority status and classroom phonics instruction.

Journal of Educational Psychology, 102(4), 786–803. http://doi.org/10.1037/a0019639

https://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/Docs/InterventionReports/wwc_soundpartners_092110.pdf

Sound Partners

Program description

Sound Partners is a tutoring program that provides supplemental reading instruction to elementary school students grades K–3 with below average reading skills. The program focuses on phonics, phonemic awareness, sight words, and oral reading practice using decodable texts with a set of scripted lessons in alphabetic and phonics skills. The lessons are designed for easy implementation by tutors with minimal training and experience. Tutoring lessons are recommended at 30 minutes per day, five days per week. 

Student population

Sound Partners has been examined in Kindergarten and 1st grade students in urban settings. Participants included Asian, Black, White, and Hispanic struggling readers or English language learners from primarily low socio-economic backgrounds.

Current evidence

Sound Partners has been rated as Strong by Evidence for ESSA K-1st grade struggling readers (https://www.evidenceforessa.org/programs/reading/sound-partners-struggling-readers) and English language learners (https://www.evidenceforessa.org/programs/reading/sound-partners-english-learners). The What Works Clearinghouse rated Sound Partners as having positive effects for alphabetics, fluency, and comprehension and no discernable effects for general reading achievement (https://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/Docs/InterventionReports/wwc_soundpartners_092110.pdf).

For more information

https://www.voyagersopris.com/literacy/sound-partners/overview

Vadasy, P. F., & Sanders, E. A. (2011). Efficacy of Supplemental Phonics-Based Instruction for Low-Skilled First Graders: How Language Minority Status and Pretest Characteristics Moderate Treatment Response. Scientific Studies of Reading, 15(6), 471–497. http://doi.org/10.1080/10888438.2010.501091

Vadasy, P. F., & Sanders, E. A. (2010). Efficacy of supplemental phonics-based instruction for low-skilled kindergarteners in the context of language minority status and classroom phonics instruction.

Journal of Educational Psychology, 102(4), 786–803. http://doi.org/10.1037/a0019639

https://www.evidenceforessa.org/programs/reading/sound-partners-english-learners

Sound Partners

Program description

Sound Partners is a tutoring program that provides supplemental reading instruction to elementary school students grades K–3 with below average reading skills. The program focuses on phonics, phonemic awareness, sight words, and oral reading practice using decodable texts with a set of scripted lessons in alphabetic and phonics skills. The lessons are designed for easy implementation by tutors with minimal training and experience. Tutoring lessons are recommended at 30 minutes per day, five days per week. 

Student population

Sound Partners has been examined in Kindergarten and 1st grade students in urban settings. Participants included Asian, Black, White, and Hispanic struggling readers or English language learners from primarily low socio-economic backgrounds.

Current evidence

Sound Partners has been rated as Strong by Evidence for ESSA K-1st grade struggling readers (https://www.evidenceforessa.org/programs/reading/sound-partners-struggling-readers) and English language learners (https://www.evidenceforessa.org/programs/reading/sound-partners-english-learners). The What Works Clearinghouse rated Sound Partners as having positive effects for alphabetics, fluency, and comprehension and no discernable effects for general reading achievement (https://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/Docs/InterventionReports/wwc_soundpartners_092110.pdf).

For more information

https://www.voyagersopris.com/literacy/sound-partners/overview

Vadasy, P. F., & Sanders, E. A. (2011). Efficacy of Supplemental Phonics-Based Instruction for Low-Skilled First Graders: How Language Minority Status and Pretest Characteristics Moderate Treatment Response. Scientific Studies of Reading, 15(6), 471–497. http://doi.org/10.1080/10888438.2010.501091

Vadasy, P. F., & Sanders, E. A. (2010). Efficacy of supplemental phonics-based instruction for low-skilled kindergarteners in the context of language minority status and classroom phonics instruction.

Journal of Educational Psychology, 102(4), 786–803. http://doi.org/10.1037/a0019639

https://www.evidenceforessa.org/programs/reading/sound-partners-struggling-readers

Read Naturally®

Program description

Read Naturally® program is a supplemental reading program that designed to improve reading fluency, accuracy, and comprehension for readers in all grades. The program combines three intervention strategies: 1) teacher modeling of story reading, 2) repeated reading of text, and 3) progress monitoring by both teachers and the students themselves. Lessons are tailored to student reading level and students are able to independently progress at their own pace. The program can be delivered between 30 and 45 minutes per day, five days per week in one of three ways: (1) audio CDs plus hard-copy reading materials (Read Naturally® Masters, Read Naturally® Encore), (2) a computer-based version (Read Naturally® Software Edition), or (3) a  web-based version (Read Naturally® Live).

Student population

Read Naturally® has been examined among low socio-economic status Asian, Black, White, Hispanic students identified as below-average in reading fluency in grades K-5th. 

Current evidence

Read Naturally® has been rated as the What Works Clearinghouse as having mixed effects on reading fluency, potentially positive effects on general reading achievement, and no discernable effects on alphabetics or comprehension (https://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/Docs/InterventionReports/wwc_readnaturally_070913.pdf). 

For more information

https://www.readnaturally.com/

Arvans, R. (2010). Improving reading fluency and comprehension in elementary students using Read Naturally. Dissertation Abstracts International, 71(01B), 74-649. 

Christ, T. J., & Davie, J. (2009). Empirical evaluation of Read Naturally effects: A randomized control trial (RCT) (Unpublished journal article). University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.

https://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/Docs/InterventionReports/wwc_readnaturally_070913.pdf

Read Naturally®

Program description

Read Naturally® program is a supplemental reading program that designed to improve reading fluency, accuracy, and comprehension for readers in all grades. The program combines three intervention strategies: 1) teacher modeling of story reading, 2) repeated reading of text, and 3) progress monitoring by both teachers and the students themselves. Lessons are tailored to student reading level and students are able to independently progress at their own pace. The program can be delivered between 30 and 45 minutes per day, five days per week in one of three ways: (1) audio CDs plus hard-copy reading materials (Read Naturally® Masters, Read Naturally® Encore), (2) a computer-based version (Read Naturally® Software Edition), or (3) a  web-based version (Read Naturally® Live).

Student population

Read Naturally® has been examined among low socio-economic status Asian, Black, White, Hispanic students identified as below-average in reading fluency in grades K-5th. 

Current evidence

Read Naturally® has been rated as the What Works Clearinghouse as having mixed effects on reading fluency, potentially positive effects on general reading achievement, and no discernable effects on alphabetics or comprehension (https://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/Docs/InterventionReports/wwc_readnaturally_070913.pdf). 

For more information

https://www.readnaturally.com/

Arvans, R. (2010). Improving reading fluency and comprehension in elementary students using Read Naturally. Dissertation Abstracts International, 71(01B), 74-649. 

Christ, T. J., & Davie, J. (2009). Empirical evaluation of Read Naturally effects: A randomized control trial (RCT) (Unpublished journal article). University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.

https://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/Docs/InterventionReports/wwc_readnaturally_070913.pdf